Coralcal-DX

Indications

This medication is indicated for the treatment of calcium and vitamin D deficiencies, as well as a calcium and vitamin D supplement. It is also prescribed for individuals with osteoporosis.

Administration

It is recommended to take this medication with food.

Adult Dosage

For adults, the oral dosage is 1-2 tablets per day, preferably one tablet in the morning and one tablet in the evening.

Contraindications

This medication should not be used in individuals with hypercalcemia and hyperparathyroidism, hypercalciuria and nephrolithiasis, hypersensitivity to the components of this preparation, or severe renal insufficiency.

Mode of Action

Calcium and vitamin D3 prevent or treat negative calcium balance. They also support nerve and muscle function, as well as normal cardiac performance. Calcium is a crucial component of bone mineral and acts as a co-factor in enzymatic reactions. It plays essential roles in neurotransmission, muscle contraction, and signal transduction pathways. Vitamin D3, a fat-soluble sterol, regulates calcium and phosphate balance, bone mineralization, and aids in calcium absorption from the gastrointestinal tract. Additionally, it stimulates bone formation. Clinical studies demonstrate that calcium and vitamin D have synergistic effects on bone growth, osteoporosis prevention, and fracture reduction.

Precautions

If hypercalcemia occurs, discontinuation of the medication is generally sufficient to restore normal serum calcium levels. Calcium salts should be used cautiously in patients with sarcoidosis, renal or cardiac disease, and in those receiving cardiac glycosides. Patients with a history of stone formation should be advised to increase their fluid intake. During lactation, calcium and vitamin D are distributed in human breast milk. Supplementation with calcium and vitamin D according to the recommended daily allowance is advisable during pregnancy and lactation.

Side Effects

Common side effects of calcium include anorexia, constipation, flatulence, nausea, vomiting, hypercalcemia, hypophosphatemia, xerostomia, acid rebound, and milk-alkali syndrome. Vitamin D may cause hypercalcemia, muscle and bone pain, metallic taste, headache, nausea, vomiting, dry mouth, constipation, and arrhythmias.

Pregnancy Category Note

This medication is considered safe to take during pregnancy at recommended doses. However, the daily dose should not exceed 1500 mg of calcium and 600 IU of vitamin D. Animal studies have shown toxic effects on reproduction at high doses of vitamin D. Pregnant women should avoid calcium or vitamin D overdoses as prolonged hypercalcemia during pregnancy can lead to physical and mental development retardation, supravalvular aortic stenosis, and retinopathy in the child. Therapeutic doses of vitamin D3 have not been found to be teratogenic in humans.

Interactions

When used concurrently, this medication may affect the absorption of tetracycline. The simultaneous use of systemic corticosteroids may reduce calcium absorption. Thiazide diuretics may decrease urinary excretion of calcium. The concomitant use of ion-exchange resins may decrease gastrointestinal absorption of vitamin D. Hypercalcemia may increase the toxicity of cardiac glycosides, so ECG and serum calcium levels should be monitored during treatment with calcium and vitamin D. Bisphosphonate or sodium fluoride should be administered at least 3 hours before calcium-containing preparations.