Hepa-B For Adult

Medical Overview

Indication

To prevent Hepatitis B virus For active immunization against the Hepatitis B infection

Administration

Administer in deltoid muscle for older children and adolescents; anterolateral thigh preferred for neonates/infants/small children Do not give IV/intradermal

Adult Dose

Intramuscular Active immunization against hepatitis B Neonates and children up to 19 years of age: The recommended dose of Hepatitis B vaccine (rDNA) is 10 mcg of antigen protein in 0.5 ml. Adults 19 years of age and older: The recommended dose of the Hepatitis B vaccine (rDNA) is 20 mcg of antigen in 1 ml. The usual immunization regimen consists of 3 doses of vaccine for adults and children. 0,1 and 6 months First dose: at selected date, Second dose: 1 month later after first dose, Third dose: 6 months after first dose. Or Accelerated schedule for all ages- 0,1,2 and 12 months First dose: at the elected date, Second dose: 1 month later after first dose, Third dose: 2 months after first dose, Fourth dose: 12 months after first dose. Neonate born to hepatitis B surface antigen-positive mother 4 doses of 10 micrograms: First dose: at birth with hepatitis B immunoglobulin injection (separate site), Second dose: 1 month after the first dose, Third dose: 2 months after the first dose, Fourth dose: 12 months after the first dose. Renal insufficiency (including hemodialysis patients) Adult and child over 16 years 4 doses of 40 micrograms- First dose: at the appropriate date, Second dose: 1 month after the first dose, Third dose: 2 months after the first dose, Fourth dose: 6 months after the first dose. Booster doses should be assessed by annual antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) testing. A booster dose should be administered when anti-HBs levels decline to <10 mIU/ml.

Child Dose

Intramuscular Active immunization against hepatitis B Neonates and children up to 19 years of age: The recommended dose of Hepatitis B vaccine (rDNA) is 10 mcg of antigen protein in 0.5 ml. Adults 19 years of age and older: The recommended dose of the Hepatitis B vaccine (rDNA) is 20 mcg of antigen in 1 ml. The usual immunization regimen consists of 3 doses of vaccine for adults and children. 0,1 and 6 months First dose: at selected date, Second dose: 1 month later after first dose, Third dose: 6 months after first dose. Or Accelerated schedule for all ages- 0,1,2 and 12 months First dose: at the elected date, Second dose: 1 month later after first dose, Third dose: 2 months after first dose, Fourth dose: 12 months after first dose. Neonate born to hepatitis B surface antigen-positive mother 4 doses of 10 micrograms: First dose: at birth with hepatitis B immunoglobulin injection (separate site), Second dose: 1 month after the first dose, Third dose: 2 months after the first dose, Fourth dose: 12 months after the first dose. Renal insufficiency (including hemodialysis patients) Adult and child over 16 years 4 doses of 40 micrograms- First dose: at the appropriate date, Second dose: 1 month after the first dose, Third dose: 2 months after the first dose, Fourth dose: 6 months after the first dose. Booster doses should be assessed by annual antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) testing. A booster dose should be administered when anti-HBs levels decline to <10 mIU/ml.

Contraindication

Previous confirmed anaphylactic reaction to a previous dose of a vaccine containing the same antigens. Hypersensitivity. Vaccines prepared in egg cultures are contraindicated in patients with hypersensitivity reactions to eggs. Severe immunodeficiency. Malignant disease is treated with chemotherapy or radiotherapy and for at least 6 mth after stopping treatment. Patients with compromised immune systems such as those on high-dose systemic corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, or HIV positive.

Mode of Action

Hepatitis B vaccines are used for active immunization against hepatitis B infection. Two types of vaccine have been available each containing hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) adsorbed onto aluminum hydroxide or a similar adsorbent.

Precaution

If any alcohol or disinfectant is used for cleansing the skin it should be allowed to evaporate before vaccination otherwise inactivation of live vaccines may occur. Lactation: not known if excreted in breast milk

Side Effect

>10% Pain (10-29%), Pruritus (10-29%), Erythema (10-29%), Burning (10-29%), Nodules (10-29%), Fatigue (15%), Headache (15%), Fever (15%), Vertigo (15%) 1-10% Lightheadedness, Flushinig, Insomnia, Irritability, Arthralgia, Constipation, Pruritus, Lupus-like syndrome, Lymphadenopathy, Tachycardia

Pregnancy Category Note

Pregnancy: Adequate human data on use during pregnancy and adequate animal reproduction studies are not available. This vaccine should be used during pregnancy only when needed and when the possible advantages outweigh the possible risks for the fetus. Lactation: Adequate data on the administration of this vaccine to women who are breastfeeding are not available. This vaccine should be administered to women who are breast-feeding when needed and the possible advantages outweigh the possible risks.

Interaction

Reduced response to vaccination when used concurrently with immunosuppressants such as corticosteroids or antineoplastics.